主观工作不安全感与「不稳定无产者」的兴起：来自英国、德国和美国的证据
Subjective Job Insecurity and the Rise of the Precariat: Evidence from the United Kingdom, Germany, and the United States
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2022 · [{"name": "Alan Manning", "affiliation": ["London School of Economics and Political Science"]}, {"name": "Graham Mazeine", "affiliation": ["London School of Economics and Political Science"]}]
中文摘要
摘要 人们普遍认为，工作不如过去稳定，越来越大比例的劳动者已沦为「不稳定无产者」。在工作安全性的客观指标中，很难找到多少证据支持这一看法，但主观指标或许呈现出不同的趋势。本文表明，在美国、英国和德国，工人如今感受到的安全程度，与过去30年中的任何时候相比都同样高。这部分是因为工作不安全感具有很强的周期性，且（COVID-19疫情之前）失业率非常低，但同时也没有明确的潜在趋势表明主观工作不安全感指标有所上升。在控制劳动力构成变化后，这一结论似乎依然稳健，并且对特定劳动者子群体同样成立。
Abstract
Abstract There is a widespread belief that work is less secure than in the past, that an increasing share of workers are part of the “precariat.” It is hard to find much evidence for this in objective measures of job security, but perhaps subjective measures show different trends. This paper shows that in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany, workers feel as secure as they ever have in the past 30 years. This is partly because job insecurity is very cyclical and (pre-COVID) unemployment rates very low, but there is also no clear underlying trend towards increased subjective measures of job insecurity. This conclusion seems robust to controlling for the changing mix of the labor force, and it is true for specific subsets of workers.