中文摘要
利用全量美国人口普查数据,我们研究了二十世纪早期主要针对女性雇员的州-行业特定最低工资法的影响。我们的三重差分估计提示,最低工资法的影响可能为零,这可能反映了就业减少效应以及留在劳动力队伍中的工人的正选择性偏误。在比较州界两侧县份之间的县-行业趋势时,受影响的县-行业单元中女性就业低约3.1%。我们进一步研究了劳动需求的自身工资弹性如何随跨行业集中度变化、男女之间的替代渠道,以及按婚姻状况划分的异质性。
Abstract
Using full count US census data, we study the impact of early twentieth-century state-industry-specific minimum wage laws that primarily targeted female employees. Our triple-difference estimates suggest a null impact of the minimum wage laws, potentially reflecting disemployment effects and the positive selection bias of the workers remaining in the labor force. When comparing county-industry trends between counties straddling state borders, female employment is lower by around 3.1% in affected county-industry cells. We further investigate the implications for own-wage elasticity of labor demand as a function of cross-industry concentration, the channels of substitution between men and women, and heterogeneity by marital status.