性别特定最低工资立法的经济学
The Economics of Gender-Specific Minimum Wage Legislation
Journal of Labor Economics · 2024 · [{"name": "Riccardo Marchingiglio", "affiliation": ["Analysis Group (United States)"]}, {"name": "Michael Poyker", "affiliation": ["The University of Texas at Austin"]}]
中文摘要
利用美国人口普查全样本数据，本文研究了20世纪初期主要针对女性雇员的州—行业特定最低工资法的影响。三重差分估计结果表明，最低工资法的影响为零，这可能反映了就业减少效应与留在劳动力队伍中工人的正向选择性偏误的共同作用。在比较跨州边界相邻县的县-行业趋势时，受影响的县-行业单元中女性就业约低3.1%。我们进一步考察了劳动力需求自身工资弹性作为跨行业集中度函数的含义、男女之间的替代渠道，以及按婚姻状况划分的异质性。
Abstract
Using full count US census data, we study the impact of early twentieth-century state-industry-specific minimum wage laws that primarily targeted female employees. Our triple-difference estimates suggest a null impact of the minimum wage laws, potentially reflecting disemployment effects and the positive selection bias of the workers remaining in the labor force. When comparing county-industry trends between counties straddling state borders, female employment is lower by around 3.1% in affected county-industry cells. We further investigate the implications for own-wage elasticity of labor demand as a function of cross-industry concentration, the channels of substitution between men and women, and heterogeneity by marital status.