转移支付、信息与管理建议：马拉维的直接效应与互补性
Transfers, information and management advice: Direct effects and complementarities in Malawi
Journal of Development Economics · 2025 · [{"name": "Kate Ambler", "affiliation": ["International Food Policy Research Institute"]}, {"name": "Alan de Brauw", "affiliation": ["International Food Policy Research Institute"]}, {"name": "Susan Godlonton", "affiliation": ["Williams College"]}]
中文摘要
我们考察了一项旨在通过转移支付和一项交叉随机化的密集农业推广项目，缓解小农经济作物种植户所面临的信贷、信息与农场管理约束的计划。我们记录了这两类干预措施之间强烈的互补性。由劳动支出增加所驱动的投资、生产与消费，在同时接受转移支付与密集推广的农户中最高，这一模式在两年和三年后依然持续。短期内，仅接受转移支付导致投入支出重新配置为经济作物种植中劳动投入的增加，这使项目重点作物的产量增加，但未使作物总产量增加。尽管仅接受转移支付组的农户在随后季节继续增加劳动支出，但这并未带来生产或消费的变化，表明密集推广的支持对于从转移支付中获得最大福利收益具有重要作用。
Abstract
We examine a program designed to alleviate credit, information, and farm management constraints among smallholder cash crop farmers through transfers and a cross-randomized program offering intensive agricultural extension. We document strong complementarities between the two sets of interventions. Investment driven by increased labor expenditures, production, and consumption are highest for farmers that received both transfers and intensive extension, a pattern that persists two and three years later. In the short run, transfers alone led to the reallocation of input expenditures into increased labor for cash crop cultivation, which led to increased production of project focal crops but not total crop production. While farmers in the transfers only group continue to spend more on labor in subsequent seasons, this does not lead to changes in production or consumption, suggesting that the support of the intensive extension was important for the generation of the largest welfare gains from the transfers.