寻求庇护者与东道国心理健康：来自德国和瑞士的证据
Asylum seekers and host country mental health: Evidence from Germany and Switzerland
Journal of Development Economics · 2025 · [{"name": "Prashant Bharadwaj", "affiliation": ["University of California San Diego"]}, {"name": "Daniel Graeber", "affiliation": ["German Institute for Economic Research"]}, {"name": "Stéphanie Khoury", "affiliation": ["Healthcentric Advisors"]}, {"name": "Christian Schmid", "affiliation": []}]
中文摘要
由于近期的冲突与人道主义问题，数百万人已在欧洲国家寻求庇护。寻求庇护者的涌入引发了有关此类移民流动对当地居民人口影响的争论。我们研究了这些被迫流离失所者近期迁入欧洲，如何影响瑞士和德国接收国居民的心理健康。我们利用寻求庇护者安置过程中的准随机变异，将安置数据与关于心理健康相关治疗的行政健康保险数据、以及反映自评心理健康的调查数据进行匹配。尽管存在诸多可能的作用机制，但在两国中，我们均未发现寻求庇护者流动对居民心理健康产生具有经济意义的影响。
Abstract
Due to recent conflicts and humanitarian issues, millions of people have sought asylum in countries in Europe. The influx of asylum seekers has sparked debates about the impacts of such migratory flows on resident populations. We study how the recent migration of these forcibly displaced people into Europe affects the mental health of the receiving country residents in Switzerland and Germany. We exploit quasi-random variation in asylum seeker placement by matching settlement data with administrative health insurance data on mental health related treatments and survey data capturing self-reported mental health. Despite numerous possible mechanisms, in both countries, we find no economically meaningful effects of asylum seeker flows on residents’ mental health.