电气化的社区效应：来自布基纳法索电网扩展的证据
Community effects of electrification: Evidence from Burkina Faso’s grid extension
Journal of Development Economics · 2025 · [{"name": "Maika Schmidt", "affiliation": ["University of Sussex"]}, {"name": "Alexander Moradi", "affiliation": ["Free University of Bozen-Bolzano", "Centre for the Study of the Economies of Africa"]}]
中文摘要
本文利用社区和家庭层面数据，研究了布基纳法索2008—2017年大规模电网扩展的影响。我们表明，电气化时点主要由工程约束驱动，因此在很大程度上是外生的。我们采用交错双重差分（DID）方法估计电气化的影响，以尚未通电的社区作为对照组。尽管家庭电力接入率较低，我们仍发现电气化对夜间灯光亮度、饮用水供给和学校电气化具有强烈的正向效应，表明电网接入能够促进社区层面基础设施的发展。在家庭层面，我们发现家用电器拥有率和金融普惠程度均有所提高。重要的是，这些效应还溢出至未接入电力的家庭。
Abstract
We study the effects of Burkina Faso’s large scale electricity grid expansion 2008-2017, using both community and household-level data. We show that the timing of electrification was driven by engineering constraints and thus largely exogenous. We estimate the impact of electrification using a staggered difference-in-differences (DiD) approach, where not-yet treated communities serve as the comparison group. Despite low household connection rates, we find strong positive effects on luminosity, drinking water provision and school electrification, suggesting that grid connection enables community-level infrastructure. At the household level, we find increases in ownership of electric appliances and financial inclusion. Importantly, effects spill over to households that do not have an electricity connection.