择校模型的显示偏好分析
Revealed Preference Analysis of School Choice Models
Annual Review of Economics · 2020 · [{"name": "Nikhil Agarwal", "affiliation": ["National Bureau of Economic Research", "Massachusetts Institute of Technology"]}, {"name": "Paulo Somaini", "affiliation": ["National Bureau of Economic Research", "Stanford University"]}]
中文摘要
对学校的偏好是决定优质教育公平可及性、扩大择校对学校改进的影响以及择校机制设计的重要因素。由于学生并不总能进入其首选学校，估计消费者偏好的标准方法并不适用于教育市场。本综述描述了近期发展起来的、利用择校机制产生的丰富数据来估计学生偏好的方法。我们的目标是为这些方法提供一个统一框架，并帮助应用研究者决定采用哪些技术。在阐述方法论问题之后，我们概述了利用这些模型获得的实证结果，并讨论了一些尚未解决的问题。
Abstract
Preferences for schools are important determinants of equitable access to high-quality education, effects of expanded choice on school improvement, and school choice mechanism design. Standard methods for estimating consumer preferences are not applicable in education markets because students do not always get their first-choice school. This review describes recently developed methods for using rich data from a school choice mechanism to estimate student preferences. Our objectives are to present a unifying framework for these methods and to help applied researchers decide which techniques to use. After laying out methodological issues, we provide an overview of empirical results obtained using these models and discuss some open questions.