医疗保险的价值: 基于家庭求职的方法
The Value of Health Insurance: A Household Job Search Approach
Journal of Labor Economics · 2025 · [{"name": "Rita Ginja", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Gabriella Conti", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Renata Narita", "affiliation": []}]
中文摘要
获得免费医疗保险是否会影响家庭的劳动供给决策？我们利用墨西哥于 2002 年引入的全民医疗保险（Seguro Popular，SP）来回答这一问题，该政策切断了获得医疗服务与工作合同之间的联系。简约式估计表明，SP 使有子女的低学历家庭的非正规就业增加了 3.5%。我们构建并估计了一个家庭搜寻模型，该模型纳入了正规部门福利相对于改革前替代方案的价值，以及医疗保险的价值。模型估计表明，家庭对 SP 的估值至多为每单位净成本 1.33。
Abstract
Does access to free health insurance affect household labor supply decisions? We address this question by exploiting the 2002 introduction of universal health insurance in Mexico (Seguro Popular, SP) that broke the link between access to health care and job contract. Reducedform estimates show that SP increased informality among less educated families with children by 3.5%. We develop and estimate a household search model that incorporates the value of formal sector amenities relative to pre-reform alternatives, and the value of health insurance. Model estimates show that households value SP by, at most, 1.33 per unit of net cost.