就业保护对企业工人筛选的影响

Journal of Human Resources · 2022 · [{"name": "Sebastian Butschek", "affiliation": ["Sebastian Kolowa Memorial University"]}, {"name": "Jan Sauermann", "affiliation": ["Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy"]}]

中文摘要

为估计就业保护对企业工人筛选的因果效应，我们研究了一项政策变化，该政策降低了瑞典超过十分之一劳动力的雇主的解雇成本。我们对企业招聘的双重差分分析使用了个体能力度量，包括估计的工人固定效应、15岁时的平均绩点（GPA）以及军事测试分数。我们发现，该改革使最低雇佣质量降低了约2%。我们的结果表明，企业既降低了招聘门槛，也雇佣了更多工人。我们发现，企业越来越多地雇佣年轻人、外国出生者和长期非就业者，这表明该改革可能带来福利收益。

Abstract

<h3>Abstract</h3> To estimate the causal effect of employment protection on firms’ worker selection, we study a policy change that reduced dismissal costs for the employers of over a tenth of Sweden’s workforce. Our difference-in-differences analysis of firms’ hiring uses individual ability measures including estimated worker fixed effects, GPA at age 15, and military test scores. We find that the reform reduced minimum hire quality by around 2%. Our results show that firms both decreased their hiring thresholds and hired more workers. We find that firms increasingly hired young, foreign born and long-term non-employed individuals, suggesting potential welfare gains from the reform.