低技能移民的间接财政收益
The Indirect Fiscal Benefits of Low-Skilled Immigration
American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2024 · [{"name": "Mark Colas", "affiliation": ["University of Oregon"]}, {"name": "Dominik Sachs", "affiliation": ["University of St.Gallen"]}]
中文摘要
低技能移民通过对本地居民工资和劳动供给的影响，间接影响公共财政。我们在一个移民与劳动力市场模型中将这一间接财政效应操作化，推导出以可估计统计量表示的该效应闭式表达式。针对美国的经验量化显示，一名平均低技能移民每年带来的间接财政收益约为750美元。这一间接财政收益可能超过此前文献记录的负向直接财政效应，从而挑战了将低技能移民视为财政负担的看法。（JEL H24, H75, J15, J24, J61, J82）
Abstract
Low-skilled immigrants indirectly affect public finances through their effect on resident wages and labor supply. We operationalize this indirect fiscal effect in a model of immigration and the labor market. We derive closed-form expressions for this effect in terms of estimable statistics. An empirical quantification for the United States reveals an indirect fiscal benefit for one average low-skilled immigrant of roughly $750 annually. The indirect fiscal benefit may outweigh the negative direct fiscal effect that has previously been documented. This challenges the perception of low-skilled immigration as a fiscal burden. (JEL H24, H75, J15, J24, J61, J82)