地方政府中的种族与族裔代表性

American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2024 · [{"name": "Brian Beach", "affiliation": ["Vanderbilt University"]}, {"name": "Daniel B. Jones", "affiliation": ["University of Pittsburgh"]}, {"name": "Tate Twinam", "affiliation": ["William & Mary"]}, {"name": "Randall Walsh", "affiliation": ["University of Pittsburgh"]}]

中文摘要

立法机构中代表性不足的种族/族裔群体的存在，是否会对这些群体成员的结果产生差异化影响？我们研究了加利福尼亚州市议会选举中白人与非白人候选人之间势均力敌的选举，及其对住房价值——衡量邻里投资的一个汇总统计量——的相应影响。我们发现，相较于选举白人候选人，选举非白人候选人会使非白人占多数的邻里获得差异化的住房价值增值。这一结果无法用候选人种族与政治派别之间的相关性，或邻里种族构成与收入之间的相关性来解释，表明提高代表性可以减少种族差距。随着城市层面隔离程度的上升和市议员关键性的提高，我们的结果进一步增强。(JEL D72, J15, R23)

Abstract

Does the presence of underrepresented racial/ethnic groups in a legislative body differentially impact outcomes for members of those groups? We study close elections between White and non-White candidates for California city council and the corresponding impact on housing values, a summary statistic for neighborhood investment. We find electing non-White rather than White candidates generates differential home value gains in majority non-White neighborhoods. This result, which is not explained by correlations between candidate race and political affiliation or neighborhood racial composition and income, suggests that increased representation can reduce racial disparities. Our results strengthen with increased city-level segregation and council member pivotality. (JEL D72, J15, R23)