电子商务作为性别公平的驱动力
E-Commerce as a Driver of Gender Equity
Journal of Human Resources · 2026 · [{"name": "Zengdong Cao", "affiliation": ["CAO Group (United States)"]}, {"name": "Wei Huang", "affiliation": ["Weifang University"]}, {"name": "Jinyang Ren", "affiliation": ["University of International Business"]}, {"name": "Hantao Wu", "affiliation": ["Princeton University"]}]
中文摘要
我们研究中国“农村电子商务发展”项目——一项大规模数字基础设施计划——以评估其对劳动力市场和家庭的影响。利用县级推广差异以及中国家庭追踪调查（2012—2020年）的面板数据，我们发现该项目使女性劳动参与率提高了3个百分点、每周工作时长增加了2.5小时，而对男性没有可比影响。该项目还促进了女性创业，增强了家庭内部议价能力，并改善了女儿的教育与健康。成本收益分析表明，收入增益远超项目成本，凸显了数字基础设施在促进中国农村性别平等与代际人力资本方面的潜力。
Abstract
<h3>Abstract</h3> We study China’s Rural E-Commerce Development program, a large-scale digital infrastructure initiative, to assess its labor market and household impacts. Exploiting county-level rollout variation and panel data from the China Family Panel Studies (2012-2020), we find that the program raised female labor force participation by 3 percentage points and weekly hours by 2.5, with no comparable effects for men. It also promoted women’s entrepreneurship, enhanced intra-household bargaining power, and improved daughters’ education and health. A cost-benefit analysis indicates income gains far exceed program costs, underscoring digital infrastructure’s potential to foster gender equity and intergenerational human capital in rural China.