衰退后地方劳动力市场的演变
The Evolution of Local Labor Markets after Recessions
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics · 2024 · [{"name": "Brad J. Hershbein", "affiliation": ["W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research"]}, {"name": "Bryan A. Stuart", "affiliation": ["Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia"]}]
中文摘要
本文研究美国地方劳动力市场如何应对衰退期间发生的就业损失。考察1973年至2009年间历次衰退之后的情况，我们发现衰退期间失去更多工作岗位的地区，其就业和人口出现持续的相对下降。最重要的是，这些地方劳动力市场还经历了就业人口比、人均收入和人均工人收入的持续下降。我们的结果表明，人口反应有限会使地方劳动力市场承受比此前认为更为持久的后果，且衰退之后伴随着就业在空间上的持续重新配置。（JEL E32, J21, J31, J61, R23）
Abstract
This paper studies how US local labor markets respond to employment losses that occur during recessions. Following recessions from 1973 through 2009, we find areas that lose more jobs during the recession experience persistent relative declines in employment and population. Most importantly, these local labor markets also experience persistent decreases in the employment-population ratio, earnings per capita, and earnings per worker. Our results imply that limited population responses result in longer-lasting consequences for local labor markets than previously thought and that recessions are followed by persistent reallocation of employment across space. (JEL E32, J21, J31, J61, R23)