政策制定中的社会网络
Social Networks in Policy Making
Annual Review of Economics · 2019 · [{"name": "Marco Battaglini", "affiliation": ["Einaudi Institute for Economics and Finance", "Cornell University"]}, {"name": "Eleonora Patacchini", "affiliation": ["Einaudi Institute for Economics and Finance", "Cornell University"]}]
中文摘要
数据收集、计算能力和理论建模的最新进展，推动了经济学与政治学领域中一批日益增长的文献，研究社会网络如何影响政策制定。本文围绕两个主要方面对这一文献进行综述。首先，我们讨论了国会中的社会关系如何（以及是否）影响立法行为的相关研究。其次，我们讨论社会关系如何影响政策制定者与外部世界的关系，重点关注游说；家庭、种姓和族群网络的重要性；以及社交媒体与公共行动主义。在讨论中，我们强调了这一文献领域的主要方法论挑战、这些挑战是如何被应对的，以及未来研究的前景。
Abstract
Recent advances in data collection, computing power, and theoretical modeling have stimulated a growing literature in economics and political science studying how social networks affect policy making. We survey this literature focusing on two main aspects. First, we discuss the literature studying how (and if) social connections in Congress affect legislative behavior. We then discuss how social connections affect the relationship between policy makers and the outside world, focusing on lobbying; the importance of family, caste, and ethnic networks; and social media and public activism. In our discussion, we highlight the key methodological challenges in this literature, how they have been addressed, and the prospects for future research.