全球金融透明度与离岸财富积累
Global Financial Transparency and Offshore Wealth Accumulation
NBER Working Papers · 2026 · [{"name": "Annette Alstadsæter", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Niels Johannesen", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Ségal Le Guern Herry", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Gabriel Zucman", "affiliation": []}]
中文摘要
本文利用行政数据,分析在全球金融透明度出现重大改善——即税务机关之间自动交换银行账户信息——前后,财富从挪威流向离岸避税天堂的情况。我们提出三个结果,表明该政策对离岸逃税具有显著的威慑作用:第一,变得富裕的纳税人将财富转移至离岸银行的可能性大大降低;第二,当财富确实流向离岸银行时,其用于减少国内纳税的可能性大大降低;第三,离岸财富流动中使用复杂所有权结构的现象并未增加。
Abstract
This paper uses administrative data to analyze wealth flows from Norway to offshore tax havens before and after a major improvement of global financial transparency: automatic exchange of bank account information between tax authorities. We present three results suggesting that the policy is a significant deterrent of offshore tax evasion: First, taxpayers who become wealthy are much less likely to shift wealth to offshore banks. Second, when wealth does flow to offshore banks, it is much less likely to reduce domestic tax payments. Third, there is no increase in the use of complex ownership structures for offshore wealth flows.