全球金融透明度与离岸财富积累

中文摘要

本文使用行政数据，分析全球金融透明度显著提高——即税务机关之间自动交换银行账户信息——前后，从挪威流向离岸避税地的财富流动。我们提出三项结果，表明该政策对离岸逃税具有显著的威慑作用：第一，纳税人在变得富有后，将财富转移至离岸银行的可能性大幅降低。第二，当财富确实流向离岸银行时，其减少国内纳税额的可能性也大幅降低。第三，利用复杂所有权结构进行离岸财富转移的情况并未增加。

Abstract

This paper uses administrative data to analyze wealth flows from Norway to offshore tax havens before and after a major improvement of global financial transparency: automatic exchange of bank account information between tax authorities. We present three results suggesting that the policy is a significant deterrent of offshore tax evasion: First, taxpayers who become wealthy are much less likely to shift wealth to offshore banks. Second, when wealth does flow to offshore banks, it is much less likely to reduce domestic tax payments. Third, there is no increase in the use of complex ownership structures for offshore wealth flows.