中文摘要
透明与不透明是大学招生政策的一个重要维度。大学可以通过对申请材料进行综合评审来获取有用信息，但这样做也可能加剧不确定性，从而使信息不足的潜在申请者望而却步。本文结合得克萨斯州的调查数据和行政数据，以及一个涵盖大学申请、录取、入学、成绩和持续就读的模型，考察得克萨斯州“前10%计划”背景下招生透明度的影响。我估计，该计划使成绩位居前十分位学生就读旗舰大学的概率提高9.1个百分点，其中三分之二源于信息效应，而非机械效应。被诱导入学的学生更有可能来自低收入高中，并且在学业表现上优于被其挤出的学生。如果辅以助学金信息，这些效应将会更大；这些效应由透明度驱动，而非自动录取与自主裁量录取所采用规则之间的不一致所致。
Abstract
Transparency versus opacity is an important dimension of college admission policy. Colleges may gain useful information from a holistic review of applicants' materials, but in doing so may contribute to uncertainty that discourages potential applicants with poor information. This paper investigates the impacts of admissions transparency in the context of Texas' Top Ten Percent Plan, using survey and administrative data from Texas and a model of college applications, admissions, enrollment, grades, and persistence. I estimate that two thirds of the plan's 9.1 point impact on top‐decile students' probability of attending a flagship university was due to information rather than mechanical effects. Students induced to enroll are more likely to come from low‐income high schools, and academically outperform the students that they displace. These effects would be larger if complemented by financial‐aid information, and are driven by transparency, not misalignment between the rules used for automatic and discretionary admissions.