中文摘要
我们构建了一个新的均衡模型，其中，家庭的劳动供给选择将婚姻市场匹配与劳动力市场匹配联系起来。我们首先从理论上表明，家庭生产的性质——即伴侣双方投入家庭生产的时间具有互补性还是替代性——塑造了均衡中的劳动供给以及婚姻市场和劳动力市场的匹配。随后，我们使用德国数据估计该模型，以实证评估家庭生产的性质，发现配偶双方投入家庭生产的时间具有互补性。我们考察了家庭生产时间的互补性在多大程度上驱动了匹配与不平等。我们发现，家庭生产的互补性增强了正向婚姻匹配，并缩小了工作时间和劳动力市场匹配方面的性别差距。这对性别工资差距和家庭内部收入不平等产生了显著的下行压力，但加剧了家庭间不平等。我们估计得到的模型为理解当今德国不平等的来源提供了新的认识，并通过识别家庭生产技术向更强互补性的重要转变，为理解不平等随时间的演变提供了新的认识。
Abstract
Abstract We develop a new equilibrium model in which households’ labour supply choices form the link between sorting on the marriage market and sorting on the labour market. We first show that in theory, the nature of home production—whether partners’ hours are complements or substitutes—shapes equilibrium labour supply as well as marriage and labour market sorting. We then estimate our model using German data to empirically assess the nature of home production, and find that spouses’ home hours are complements. We investigate to what extent complementarity in home hours drives sorting and inequality. We find that home production complementarity strengthens positive marriage sorting and reduces the gender gap in hours and in labour sorting. This puts significant downward pressure on the gender wage gap and on within-household income inequality, but fuels between-household inequality. Our estimated model sheds new light on the sources of inequality in today’s Germany, and—by identifying important shifts in home production technology toward more complementarity—on the evolution of inequality over time.