孕产妇吸烟与基因对子代出生体重的交互影响

中文摘要

已有充分证据表明，出生体重受儿童遗传禀赋和孕产妇妊娠期吸烟的影响。本文考察遗传禀赋与孕产妇吸烟对出生体重是否存在交互影响。我们以位于尼古丁受体基因CHRNA3上的一个遗传变异（rs1051730）作为孕产妇吸烟决策的工具变量，并使用妊娠期采集的尼古丁生物标志物来处理孕产妇吸烟少报的问题。我们证实，遗传禀赋和孕产妇吸烟均会对儿童出生体重产生负向影响。然而，我们未发现遗传禀赋与孕产妇吸烟之间存在具有实质意义的交互影响的证据。

Abstract

It is well-established that birth weight is affected by the child's genetic endowments and maternal smoking during pregnancy. Here, we investigate whether an interaction between genetic endowments and maternal smoking on birth weight exists. We instrument the maternal smoking decision with a genetic variant (rs1051730) located in the nicotine receptor gene CHRNA3 and deal with the underreporting of maternal smoking by using a biomarker of nicotine collected during pregnancy. We confirm that genetic endowments and maternal smoking negatively affect the child's birth weight. However, we do not find evidence of meaningful interactions between genetic endowments and maternal smoking.