溢价还是惩罚？
Premium or Penalty?
Journal of Human Resources · 2022 · [{"name": "Juan Saavedra", "affiliation": ["National Bureau of Economic Research"]}, {"name": "Darío Maldonado", "affiliation": ["University of Southern California", "National Bureau of Economic Research", "World Bank", "Claremont Graduate University", "Universidad de Los Andes", "Universidad El Bosque", "UCLA Health", "Universidad Externado de Colombia", "Universidad EAFIT"]}, {"name": "Lucrecia Santibáñez", "affiliation": ["University of Southern California", "National Bureau of Economic Research", "World Bank", "Claremont Graduate University", "Universidad El Bosque", "UCLA Health", "Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris-Nord", "Universidad EAFIT"]}, {"name": "Luis Omar Herrera-Prada", "affiliation": ["University of Southern California", "International Monetary Fund", "National Bureau of Economic Research", "World Bank", "Claremont Graduate University", "Universidad El Bosque", "UCLA Health", "Universidad EAFIT"]}]
中文摘要
各国教育预算主要用于支付教师薪酬。关于教师相对于其他职业获得的究竟是收入溢价还是收入惩罚，这一未决争论使教师薪酬决策更为复杂。哥伦比亚的一项全国性筛选考试与行政数据显示，在任职初期，考试成绩高于及格分界点的教师候选人，其年收入高于成绩低于分界点的候选人。将断点回归方法扩展至分界点以外的分析同样表明，高分申请者可获得颇具吸引力的收入溢价。尽管收入溢价可观，教师仍从事校外兼职工作，且教师职业并未吸引到最优秀的大学毕业生，这凸显出仅凭教师薪酬改善教育所面临的挑战。
Abstract
Countries spend education budgets primarily on teacher payroll. An unresolved debate on whether teachers earn a premium or a penalty relative to other occupations complicates teacher compensation decisions. A national screening exam in Colombia and administrative data show that teaching candidates scoring above the passing cutoff have greater annual earnings early in their tenure than those below the cutoff. Extension of regression discontinuity methods away from the cutoff indicate similarly attractive earnings premia for high-scoring applicants. Despite sizeable earnings premia, teachers hold outside jobs, and teaching does not attract top college graduates, underscoring challenges to improving education solely through teacher compensation.