住房市场中的种族隔离与黑人财富的侵蚀
Racial Segregation in Housing Markets and the Erosion of Black Wealth
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2022 · [{"name": "Prottoy Akbar", "affiliation": ["Escola Brasileira de Economia e Finanças", "Aalto University"]}, {"name": "Sijie Li Hickly", "affiliation": ["Freddie Mac (United States)"]}, {"name": "Allison Shertzer", "affiliation": ["University of Pittsburgh", "Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia"]}, {"name": "Randall Walsh", "affiliation": ["University of Pittsburgh"]}]
中文摘要
本文研究隔离街区的扩张如何侵蚀了战前美国城市中的黑人财富。利用一个新构建的地址匹配样本，我们发现，在短短十年间，从全为白人转变为黑人占多数的街区，租金价格飙升了约50%。与此同时，率先迁入以白人为主街区的黑人家庭在购房时需支付28%的溢价，此后这些房屋的价值又下降了10%。这些发现有力表明，在大迁徙时期，住房市场的种族隔离使黑人家庭损失了向北迁移所带来的大部分收益。
Abstract
Abstract This paper studies how the expansion of segregated neighborhoods eroded black wealth in prewar American cities. Using a novel sample of matched addresses, we find that over a single decade rental prices soared by roughly 50% on city blocks that transitioned from all white to majority black. Meanwhile, pioneering black families paid a 28% premium to buy a home on a majority white block, after which their homes lost 10% of their value. These findings strongly suggest that segregated housing markets cost black families much of the gains associated with moving north during the Great Migration.