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住房市场中的种族隔离与黑人财富的侵蚀

Racial Segregation in Housing Markets and the Erosion of Black Wealth
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2022 · Prottoy Akbar、Sijie Li Hickly、Allison Shertzer、Randall Walsh

中文摘要

本文研究了隔离社区的扩张如何侵蚀战前美国城市中的黑人财富。利用一份新构建的地址匹配样本,我们发现,在短短十年间,从全为白人居住转变为黑人占多数的城市街区,其租金飙升了约50%。与此同时,率先迁入的黑人家庭若要在白人占多数的街区购房,需支付28%的溢价,此后其住房价值又下跌了10%。这些发现有力地表明,隔离的住房市场使黑人家庭损失了大迁徙期间北迁所带来的大部分收益。

Abstract

Abstract This paper studies how the expansion of segregated neighborhoods eroded black wealth in prewar American cities. Using a novel sample of matched addresses, we find that over a single decade rental prices soared by roughly 50% on city blocks that transitioned from all white to majority black. Meanwhile, pioneering black families paid a 28% premium to buy a home on a majority white block, after which their homes lost 10% of their value. These findings strongly suggest that segregated housing markets cost black families much of the gains associated with moving north during the Great Migration.
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