出口支持计划是否影响价格、质量、加成率和边际成本？来自一项自然政策实验的证据
Do Export Support Programs Affect Prices, Quality, Markups, and Marginal Costs? Evidence From a Natural Policy Experiment
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2022 · [{"name": "Magnus Tolum Buus", "affiliation": ["University of Copenhagen"]}, {"name": "Jakob Roland Munch", "affiliation": ["University of Copenhagen"]}, {"name": "Joel Rodrigue", "affiliation": ["Vanderbilt University"]}, {"name": "Georg Schaur", "affiliation": ["University of Tennessee at Knoxville"]}]
中文摘要
企业在国际市场上的成功取决于其产品的质量、价格、加成率和边际成本。然而，关于旨在应对非关税壁垒的贸易政策如何影响这些机制，具有因果识别的经验证据十分罕见。为填补这一空白，我们利用丹麦的一项准自然实验，考察一项旨在减少贸易非关税壁垒的出口支持政策的效果。我们发现，出口支持提高了企业在各市场内的出口额。然而，出口支持并不影响价格、质量、加成率或边际成本。相反，研究结果支持贸易理论的预测，即企业通过转移需求在出口市场实现增长。
Abstract
Abstract Firms’ success in international markets depends on their product’s quality, prices, markups, and marginal cost. However, causally identified empirical evidence for the effect of trade policies that address nontariff barriers on these mechanisms is rare. To fill this gap, we exploit a quasinatural experiment in Denmark and examine the effects of an export support policy aimed at reducing nontariff barriers to trade. We find that export support raises firm-level exports within markets. However, export support does not affect prices, quality, markups, or marginal costs. Instead, the results support trade theory predicting that firms grow in export markets by shifting demand.