竞争与生产率：来自秘鲁市镇的证据
Competition and Productivity: Evidence from Peruvian Municipalities
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2022 · [{"name": "Marc Schiffbauer", "affiliation": ["World Bank"]}, {"name": "James Sampi", "affiliation": ["World Bank", "Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam"]}, {"name": "Javier Peralta Coronado", "affiliation": ["Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú"]}]
中文摘要
本文使用秘鲁1,800个市镇取消地方性、特定行业企业进入壁垒的新数据，估计了其对企业生产率和加成率的影响。2013年的新立法强化了国家竞争主管机构执行取消地方进入壁垒的职权，从而提供了一个准实验环境，使我们能够在单一国家受控的制度环境中识别竞争对生产率的影响。我们发现，取消地方进入壁垒提高了生产率，这表明，尽管国家层面的监管环境已经自由化，次国家层面的市场进入壁垒在解释各国生产率表现落后方面仍发挥关键作用。
Abstract
Abstract This paper uses new data on the removal of local, sector-specific barriers to firm entry across 1,800 municipalities in Peru to estimate the impact on firm productivity and markups. New legislation in 2013 strengthened the national competition authority's mandate to enforce the elimination of local entry barriers, providing a quasi-experimental setting to identify the impact of competition on productivity within the controlled institutional environment of a single country. We find that the elimination of local entry barriers boosted productivity, pointing to the critical role of subnational market entry barriers in explaining countries’ laggard productivity performances despite liberalized national regulatory environments.