社会运动中的领导者：来自缅甸工会的证据
Leaders in Social Movements: Evidence from Unions in Myanmar
American Economic Review · 2025 · [{"name": "Laura Boudreau", "affiliation": ["Bread for the World Institute"]}, {"name": "Rocco Macchiavello", "affiliation": ["London School of Economics and Political Science"]}, {"name": "Virginia Minni", "affiliation": ["Center for Economic and Policy Research", "University of Chicago"]}, {"name": "Mari Tanaka", "affiliation": ["Hitotsubashi University", "The University of Tokyo"]}]
中文摘要
社会运动是关键制度变革的催化剂。为取得成功，社会运动必须协调成员的观点（凝聚共识）与行动（动员）。我们研究了缅甸蓬勃发展的劳工运动中的工会领导者。工会领导者在能力和使其能够影响他人的人格特质两方面均呈正向选择，但其工资却更低。在围绕工人对即将举行的全国最低工资谈判看法展开的小组讨论中，随机嵌入的领导者围绕工会偏好的政策凝聚了共识。在一项模拟集体行动情境下个人决策的实验中，领导者通过协调提高了动员水平。（JEL D91、J38、J51、O15）
Abstract
Social movements are catalysts for crucial institutional changes. To succeed, they must coordinate members’ views (consensus building) and actions (mobilization). We study union leaders within Myanmar’s burgeoning labor movement. Union leaders are positively selected on both ability and personality traits that enable them to influence others, yet they earn lower wages. In group discussions about workers’ views on an upcoming national minimum wage negotiation, randomly embedded leaders build consensus around the union’s preferred policy. In an experiment that mimics individual decision-making in a collective action setup, leaders increase mobilization through coordination. (JEL D91, J38, J51, O15)