再分配能否改变政策观点？援助与对难民的态度

中文摘要

许多公共政策会产生赢家和输家，但再分配能否支撑起提升总福利的新的政治经济学均衡，目前尚不清楚。我们研究了这样一类政策：在允许难民自由工作和流动的同时，将为难民提供的外国援助部分再分配给本国国民。以难民应对援助名义向乌干达和肯尼亚本国国民发放的现金补助，大幅提高了对难民融合的支持；而关于现有再分配的信息则产生了统计显著但较小的效应。相比之下，群体间接触未产生任何持久、可测量的效应。我们的结果表明，即便在受文化关切影响的议题（如移民）上，经济干预也能够塑造政策观点。

Abstract

Many public policies create winners and losers, but it is unclear whether redistribution can support new political economy equilibria that raise aggregate welfare. We study policies that partially redistribute foreign aid for refugees to natives while allowing refugees to work and move freely. Cash grants to Ugandan and Kenyan natives, labeled as aid from the refugee response, substantially increase support for refugee integration. Information about existing redistribution has significant but smaller effects. In contrast, intergroup contact yields no persistent, measurable effects. Our results indicate that economic interventions can shape policy views even on issues influenced by cultural concerns, such as immigration.