在线隐私监管：对《通用数据保护条例》的经济学评估
Regulating Privacy Online: An Economic Evaluation of the GDPR
American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2024 · [{"name": "Samuel Goldberg", "affiliation": ["Stanford University"]}, {"name": "Garrett Johnson", "affiliation": ["Boston University", "Quest University Canada"]}, {"name": "Scott K. Shriver", "affiliation": ["University of Colorado Boulder"]}]
中文摘要
现代网站依赖个人数据来设计更优质的内容并开展营销。欧盟《通用数据保护条例》（GDPR）旨在增加获取此类个人数据的难度，以保护用户隐私。我们利用Adobe网站分析平台的数据，考察了GDPR对1,084家在线企业网站页面浏览量和收入的影响。我们发现，在GDPR执行截止日期后，该平台记录的欧盟用户网站页面浏览量和网站收入均下降了12%。我们将这些GDPR效应分别分解为实际结果的变化和数据记录的变化。（JEL D83, K24, L51, L86, L88, M31, M37）
Abstract
Modern websites rely on personal data to design better content and to market themselves. The European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) was intended to make access to such personal data more difficult, with the goal of protecting user privacy. We examine the GDPR's impact on website page views and revenue for 1,084 online firms using data from Adobe's website analytics platform. We find a reduction of 12 percent in both EU user website page views and website revenue recorded by the platform after the GDPR’s enforcement deadline. We decompose these GDPR effects into changes in real outcomes and changes to data recording, respectively. (JEL D83, K24, L51, L86, L88, M31, M37)