求职援助能减少失业吗？来自挤出效应及其机制的证据
Does Job Search Assistance Reduce Unemployment? Evidence on Displacement Effects and Mechanisms
Journal of Labor Economics · 2023 · [{"name": "Maria Cheung", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Johan Egebark", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Anders Forslund", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Lisa Laun", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Magnus Rödin", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Johan Vikström", "affiliation": []}]
中文摘要
利用一项两层随机试验，我们发现求职援助（JSA）减少了处理组的失业，但也产生了挤出效应。机制分析表明，个案工作者向求职者推荐空缺职位，通过帮助求职者更早申请最相关的职位，解释了求职援助对处理组的正向效应。我们还发现，对JSA的总体评价取决于挤出效应如何冲击劳动力市场，以及企业在多大程度上通过开设新的职位空缺作出反应。在疲软的劳动力市场中，挤出效应更大，且我们未发现资源的挤出。
Abstract
Using a two-level randomized experiment, we find that job search assistance (JSA) reduces unemployment among the treated but also creates displacement effects. Analyses of mechanisms show that vacancy referrals from caseworkers to job seekers explain the positive effects for the treated by helping the job seekers apply to the most relevant jobs earlier. We also find that the overall assessment of JSA hinges on how the displacement effects hit the labor market and to what extent firms react by opening new vacancies. The displacement is larger in weak labor markets, and we find no displacement of resources.