越南征兵对风险行为的代际影响

Journal of Labor Economics · 2023 · [{"name": "Monica Deza", "affiliation": ["Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey", "Tulane University", "National Bureau of Economic Research", "University of Connecticut", "Federal Reserve Board of Governors", "Temple University"]}, {"name": "Alvaro Mezza", "affiliation": ["National Bureau of Economic Research", "City University of New York", "Federal Reserve Board of Governors", "Hunter College"]}]

中文摘要

我们利用越南战争征兵抽签所提供的自然实验，使用1997年全国青年纵向调查数据，评估父亲的应征资格对子女在青春期从事风险行为倾向的代际影响。应征资格提高了物质使用的各项指标和使用强度，降低了初次使用年龄——对大麻而言尤为明显——并提高了不良行为的各项指标。我们还表明，应征资格导致教养方式发生变化，而这些变化会助长子女的风险行为：它影响父亲的教养风格及其对受访者的态度、环境因素，甚至母亲方面的因素。采用替代设定和伪证诊断后，结果依然稳健。

Abstract

We exploit the natural experiment provided by the Vietnam lottery draft to evaluate the intergenerational effects of fathers’ draft eligibility on children’s propensity to engage in risky behaviors during adolescence using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997. Draft eligibility increases measures of substance use, increases intensity of use, decreases age of initiation—particularly for marijuana—and increases measures of delinquency. We also show that draft eligibility led to changes in parenting that are conducive to these risky behaviors among children: it affects paternal parenting styles and attitudes toward the respondent, environmental aspects, and even maternal factors. Results are robust to alternative specifications and falsification diagnostics.