心理健康需求评估对监禁结果的不利影响
Adverse Impacts of Mental Health Needs Assessment on Jail Outcomes
Journal of Human Resources · 2023 · [{"name": "Scott Cunningham", "affiliation": ["Baylor University", "Canning College"]}, {"name": "Jonathan A. Seward", "affiliation": ["Baylor University", "Czech Academy of Sciences, Economics Institute"]}, {"name": "Karen Clay", "affiliation": ["Carnegie Mellon University"]}, {"name": "Vivian S. Vigliotti", "affiliation": ["Yale New Haven Health System"]}]
中文摘要
我们考察由临床医生评定的监狱心理健康需求评分对青少年和成年人结果的因果影响。利用接诊临床医生准随机分配这一识别策略的工具变量（IV）方法，我们发现较差的评分会延长两组人群的监禁时长，增加两组人群的自杀未遂，并增加成年人的再犯。对于边际个体而言，较差的评分可能导致羁押时间延长等后果，从而抵消潜在收益。我们讨论了可能的机制，包括针对轻罪案件设立心理健康专门法庭（mental health docket）、以及评分对保释金缴纳、心理健康照护、监狱内住宿类型和羁押时长的影响。
Abstract
<h3>Abstract</h3> We investigate the causal impact of jail mental health needs scores, assigned by clinicians, on youth and adult outcomes. Utilizing an instrumental variable (IV) approach leveraging quasi-random assignment of intake clinicians, we find that worse scores increase incarceration duration and suicide attempts in both groups and recidivism in adults. For the marginal person, worse scores may lead to consequences like prolonged jail stays, which counteract potential benefits. We discuss possible mechanisms, including the existence of a mental health docket for misdemeanors, and effects of scores on bond posting, mental healthcare, type of housing within the jail, and length of stay.