青少年心理健康趋势在多大程度上由报告方式的变化所驱动？
To What Extent Are Trends in Teen Mental Health Driven by Changes in Reporting?
Journal of Human Resources · 2023 · [{"name": "Adriana Corredor‐Waldron", "affiliation": ["Poole Hospital"]}, {"name": "Janet Currie", "affiliation": ["North Carolina State University", "Princeton University"]}]
中文摘要
儿童和青少年自杀相关行为报告数量的上升，促使人们认识到青少年心理健康危机的存在。然而，报告发生率不仅会受到筛查可及性和报告惯例变化的影响，还可能受到社会污名变化的影响。我们利用2008—2019年新泽西州所有医院就诊数据，考察青少年自杀相关就诊趋势中的两个拐点，结果显示：2012年的上升紧随筛查建议的变化之后，而2016—2017年的急剧上升紧随自杀意念编码方式变化之后。在此期间，包括自残、自杀未遂和自杀死亡在内的其他自杀相关行为发生率基本保持平稳。这些结果表明，儿童潜在的自杀相关行为虽然高得令人担忧，但其上升幅度可能并不像报告发生率所显示的那样急剧。因此，研究人员在解读报告趋势时应保持审慎。
Abstract
<h3>Abstract</h3> Rising reports of suicidal behaviors in children and adolescents have led to the recognition of a youth mental health crisis. However, reported rates can be influenced by access to screening and changes in reporting conventions, as well as by changes in social stigma. Using data on all hospital visits in New Jersey from 2008-2019, we investigate two inflection points in adolescent suicide-related visits and show that a rise in 2012 followed changes in screening recommendations, while a sharp rise in 2016-2017 followed changes in the coding of suicidal ideation. Rates of other suicidal behaviors including self-harm, attempted suicides, and completed suicides were essentially flat over this period. These results suggest that underlying suicide-related behaviors among children, while alarmingly high, may not have risen as sharply as reported rates suggest. Hence, researchers should approach reported trends cautiously.