洒红节犯罪：公共节庆对针对女性暴力的影响

中文摘要

许多女性遭受身体暴力或性暴力，且往往发生在公共场所。我们通过分析印度的洒红节（Holi），研究性别规范在此类暴力持续发生中的作用——在这一节日期间，“Bura na mano Holi Hai”（别见怪，今天是洒红节）这句话被滥用于为不当行为辩解。我们记录到，洒红节期间针对女性的袭击事件增加了170%。分析表明：（1）在男性为暴力辩护的地区，暴力程度更高；（2）存在男性反弹效应，即当女性反对暴力时会出现该效应。漏报及洒红节期间女性流动性下降似乎并非主要驱动因素。迄今为止，无人因此被定罪。

Abstract

Many women experience physical or sexual violence, often in public spaces. We study the role of gender norms in perpetuating this violence by analyzing Holi, a festivity in India, where the phrase “Bura na mano Holi Hai” (Don’t feel offended, it’s Holi) is misused to justify inappropriate behavior. We document a 170% increase in assaults against women during Holi. Analysis reveals (1) higher violence in districts where men justify violence, and (2) a male backlash effect where women oppose it. Underreporting and reduced mobility during Holi do not appear to be the main drivers. To date, nobody has been convicted.