中文摘要
人工智能、机器学习等近期数据技术创新改变了知识生产方式，并提升了数据的重要性。本文综述探讨了数据——即数字化信息——如何在经典宏观经济框架内被建模，并将数据经济学与创意、专利、干中学等其他概念进行比较。本文还展示了为数据应用（包括创新、流程优化和匹配）建模的潜在方式。由于该研究领域尚处于起步阶段，本文大部分篇幅致力于探讨尚待解决的问题及未来数据经济研究的方向。（JEL C80, D21, D83, E23, E24, J23）
Abstract
Recent data technology innovations, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, have transformed the production of knowledge and increased the importance of data. This review explores how data—digitized information—has been modeled within classic macroeconomic frameworks. It compares the economics of data to other concepts such as ideas, patents, and learning-by-doing. This paper also shows potential ways to model applications for data, including innovation, process optimization, and matching. Because this research area is nascent, much of the article is devoted to open questions and directions for future data economy research. (JEL C80, D21, D83, E23, E24, J23)