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民有、民治、民享的政府数据:应对公民隐私关切

Government Data of the People, by the People, for the People: Navigating Citizen Privacy Concerns
Journal of Economic Perspectives · 2024 · Claire McKay Bowen

中文摘要

数据隐私领域普遍认为,政府数据应当得到更广泛的开放获取,尤其是这些数据是民有的(收集自民众的数据)、民治的(使用纳税人资金收集并加以维护)、民享的(提供公共与社会福祉)。然而,应当保护其中的哪些内容、又该如何加以保护,存在广泛而激烈的争论。本文讨论数据隐私与数据效用之间的根本性权衡,以及确定适当平衡为何可能十分困难。本文还就以下问题提出思考:为塑造数据隐私的未来、对相关政策争论作出实质性贡献,并确保数据中对民众的负责任呈现,必须解决哪些问题。

Abstract

The data privacy community generally agrees that government data should be more widely accessible, especially being of the people (data collected about them), by the people (collected and supported using taxpayer dollars), and for the people (providing public and social good). But what to protect in that data and how to do so are highly and intensely debated. This paper discusses the fundamental tradeoff between data privacy and data usefulness—and how determining an appropriate balance can be difficult. The paper also provides thoughts on what must be addressed to help shape the future of data privacy, make meaningful contributions to its policy debates, and ensure the responsible representation of people in data.
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