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区分信息不对称市场中的声誉效应与选择效应:一项实地实验

Disentangling Reputation from Selection Effects in Markets with Informational Asymmetries: A Field Experiment
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2026 · Theodore Alysandratos、Sotiris Georganas、Matthias Sutter

中文摘要

在买卖双方存在信息不对称的市场中,反馈机制对于提高市场效率和减轻买方的信息劣势十分重要。反馈机制可能通过以下两种途径发挥作用:更值得信赖的卖方自我选择进入设有此类机制的市场,或卖方出于声誉考量作出行为选择。我们通过一项实地实验展示了如何区分自我选择效应与声誉效应。基于涉及四种不同类型出租车的476次乘车行程,我们发现了支持声誉效应的强有力证据,但支持自我选择效应的证据有限。我们讨论了这些研究发现的政策含义。

Abstract

Abstract In markets with asymmetric information between sellers and buyers, feedback mechanisms are important to increase market efficiency and reduce the informational disadvantage of buyers. Feedback mechanisms might work because of self-selection of more trustworthy sellers into markets with such mechanisms or because of reputational concerns of sellers. We show in a field experiment how to disentangle self-selection from reputation effects. Based on 476 taxi rides with four different types of taxis, we find strong evidence for reputation effects but little support for self-selection effects. We discuss policy implications of our findings.
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