Reversing the Resource Curse: Foreign Corruption Regulation and the Local Economic Benefits of Resource Extraction
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics · 2023 · Hans Bonde Christensen、Mark G. Maffett、Thomas Rauter
中文摘要
我们考察外国反腐败监管如何影响非洲资源丰富地区的社区从开采活动中获得的经济收益。在美国《反海外腐败法》(FCPA) 于2000年代中期执法力度加强后，受影响开采设施半径10公里（25公里）以内社区的夜间灯光亮度提高了15%（5%）。现金工资就业也显著增加，表明经济收益并不局限于电力可及性的改善。与外国反腐败监管缓解政治性资源诅咒的解释一致，我们发现在FCPA执法力度增强后，感知腐败程度有所下降。(JEL D73, F23, K22, L14, O13, O17, Q31)
Abstract
We examine how foreign corruption regulation affects the economic benefits communities receive from extraction activities in the resource-rich areas of Africa. After a mid-2000s increase in enforcement of the US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), nighttime luminosity increases by 15 percent (5 percent) in communities within a 10-kilometer (25-kilometer) radius of affected extraction facilities. Cash-wage employment also increases significantly, suggesting that the economic benefits are not limited to electricity access. Consistent with foreign corruption regulation mitigating the political resource curse, we find that perceived corruption decreases following the rise in FCPA enforcement. (JEL D73, F23, K22, L14, O13, O17, Q31)