工作任务的空间分布

中文摘要

我们引入新的测量工具，以理解跨空间收入差异的来源。基于雇主在招聘广告中使用的自然语言，我们构建了工作任务与工人专业化的细粒度测度。我们发现，较大通勤区中的工作涉及更频繁的人际互动，且对计算机软件的要求更高。在较大与较小通勤区之间，10%至50%的任务与技术变异存在于职业内部。此外，较大市场中的工人更为专业化。即使是在职业内部，任务、技术与工人专业化也解释了市场规模溢价的很大一部分。

Abstract

We introduce new measurement tools to understand the sources of earnings differences across space. Based on the natural language employers use in job ads, we develop granular measures of job tasks and of worker specialization. We find that jobs in larger commuting zones involve greater interpersonal interactions and have higher computer software requirements. Between 10% and 50% of task and technology variation between large and small commuting zones exists within occupations. Furthermore, workers in larger markets are more specialized. Tasks, technologies, and worker specialization account for a substantial portion of the market size premium even within occupations.