当区域政策失效时：印度尼西亚综合经济开发区评估

中文摘要

我们研究印度尼西亚综合经济开发区（KAPET）计划。尽管KAPET地区的企业缴纳了较低的资本税，但该计划的激励措施既未促进企业进入，也未增加产出，KAPET地区与未处理地区相比呈现出相似的发展结果。为考察区域政策能否被更优地重新设计，我们构建了一个量化空间模型，其中基于地域的资本税减免会影响多个部门，并作用于为地方公共品融资的转移支付体系。我们发现，如果KAPET地区的资本激励措施辅以额外的基于地域的改善措施，本可带来更大的福利与增长效应。

Abstract

We study Indonesia’s Integrated Economic Development Zone (KAPET) program. Although firms in KAPET districts paid lower capital taxes , the program’s incentives neither stimulated entry nor increased output, and KAPET districts experienced similar development outcomes relative to non-treated districts. To investigate whether regional policies could be more optimally redesigned, we develop a quantitative spatial model where place-based capital tax cuts affect multiple sectors and impact a transfer system to finance local public goods . We find that capital incentives in KAPET areas would have been more welfare and growth enhancing if they had been accompanied by additional place-based improvements.