灯光、镜头、学校:新冠疫情期间通过电视提供信息
Lights, camera, school: Information provision though television during COVID-19 times
Journal of Development Economics · 2025 · Francisco Gallego、Oswaldo Molina、Christopher Neilson
中文摘要
本文考察了2020年秘鲁新冠疫情期间,旨在鼓励观众收看全国电视台播出的短篇电视连续剧《为更美好的未来作出选择》(Decidiendo para un Futuro Mejor,以下简称DFM)的电话呼叫所产生的影响。DFM通过视频内容强调教育的益处,同时提供有关工资和高等教育经济资助机会的具体信息。我们通过一项涉及逾8万户高中生家庭的随机对照试验,评估这些电话呼叫对2021年辍学率的影响。研究结果表明,电话呼叫显著降低了学校辍学率,意向处理(ITT)效应约为−0.6个百分点;鉴于对照组的平均辍学率为10.2%,这一影响具有实际意义。对于基线辍学率和贫困率较高学校的学生,影响更强;不同父母受教育程度之间不存在显著差异。研究结果还表明,观察到的影响主要源于对收看DFM的鼓励,而非电话呼叫本身的直接影响。这些发现凸显了成本效益较高的干预措施在减轻重大经济冲击对教育轨迹不利影响方面的潜力。
Abstract
This paper examines the effects of phone calls designed to encourage viewership of the short telenovela Decidiendo para un Futuro Mejor (Deciding for a Better Future, hereafter DFM) on national television during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 in Peru. DFM uses video content to highlight the benefits of education while providing concrete information on wages and financial aid opportunities for higher education. We evaluate the impact of these calls on dropout rates in 2021 through a randomized controlled trial involving over 80,000 families with high school students. Our findings indicate that the phone calls led to a significant reduction in school dropout rates, with intention-to-treat (ITT) effects of approximately − 0 . 6 percentage points—a meaningful impact given the 10.2% average dropout rate in the control group. The effects are stronger for students from schools with higher baseline dropout and poverty rates, with no significant differences based on parental education levels. Our results also suggest that the observed effects are primarily driven by encouragement to watch DFM rather than by the direct impact of the phone calls themselves. These findings underscore the potential of cost-effective interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of major economic shocks on educational trajectories.
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