Journal of Development Economics · 2025 · Matthew Amalitinga Abagna、Cecília Hornok、Alina Mulyukova
中文摘要
本文就一项重要的基于地域的政策——经济特区（SEZs）——对非洲家庭经济福祉的影响提供了新证据。利用1990—2020年间10个非洲国家家庭重复横截面数据中经济特区设立时间的差异，我们表明，经济特区设立后，居住在其附近的家庭相对于全国平均水平变得更加富裕。这一效应主要集中在经济特区周边10公里以内，并非由选择性迁移驱动，同时伴随着家庭公用设施可及性的改善、耐用品消费的增加、受教育程度的提高，以及经济活动从农业向其他部门的转移。• 非洲的经济特区提高了附近家庭的财富水平。• 财富收益分布广泛，本地家庭也从中受益。• 这体现为公用设施可及性改善、消费增加和住房质量提高。• 经济特区还带来了受教育程度的提高，并推动经济活动从农业转向其他部门。
Abstract
This paper provides novel evidence on the impact of a prominent place-based policy – Special Economic Zones (SEZs) – on the economic well-being of African households. Exploiting time variation in SEZ establishment on a dataset of repeated cross-sections of households in 10 African countries during 1990-2020, we show that households living near SEZs become wealthier relative to the national average after SEZ establishment. The effect accrues mostly within 10 km of SEZs, is not driven by selective migration, and is accompanied by improved access to household utilities, higher consumption of durable goods, increased educational attainment and a shift away from agricultural activities. • Special Economic Zones in Africa improve household wealth nearby. • The wealth gain is distributed broadly and also benefits native households. • It manifests in better access to utilities, higher consumption and housing quality. • It leads to higher educational attainment and a shift away from agriculture.