American Economic Review · 2025 · Antoine Dechezleprêtre、Adrien Fabre、Tobias Kruse、Bluebery Planterose、Ana Sánchez Chico、Stefanie Stantcheva
中文摘要
本文探讨全球公众对气候变化及相关政策的认知与理解，考察影响气候行动支持度的因素以及不同类型信息所产生的影响。我们在20个国家开展了涵盖40,000名受访者的大规模调查，提供了关于气候变化态度以及受访者社会经济背景和生活方式的新国际数据。我们识别出影响政策支持度的三项关键认知：政策在减少排放方面的感知有效性、政策对低收入家庭的影响，以及政策对受访者自身家庭的影响（自身利益）。阐明政策机制的教育视频提高了公众对气候政策的支持度，而仅强调气候变化影响的视频则未能提高支持度。(JEL C83, D83, D91, Q54, Q58)
Abstract
This paper explores global perceptions and understanding of climate change and policies, examining factors that influence support for climate action and the impact of different types of information. We conduct large-scale surveys with 40,000 respondents from 20 countries, providing new international data on attitudes toward climate change and respondents’ socioeconomic backgrounds and lifestyles. We identify three key perceptions affecting policy support: perceived effectiveness of policies in reducing emissions, their impact on low-income households, and their effect on respondents’ households (self-interest). Educational videos clarifying policy mechanisms increase support for climate policies; those merely highlighting climate change’s impacts do not. (JEL C83, D83, D91, Q54, Q58)