中文摘要
本文利用2008年至2019年26万户瑞士家庭的地理编码面板数据和工具变量方法，考察亲环境行为中的因果同伴效应。我们发现，同伴行为会同时影响广泛的能源相关实践。具体而言，我们发现同伴采用太阳能光伏（PV）会增加家庭的节电努力：在距某家庭100米范围内每新增一套太阳能光伏装置，该家庭的年用电量会减少0.2%。我们还记录了亲环境耐用品市场内部及跨市场的同伴效应，即附近新增太阳能光伏装置后，太阳能光伏与电动汽车的采用率均随之上升。我们发现了提示性证据，表明同伴影响的表现方式取决于家庭所面临的约束条件。我们的发现对可再生能源补贴评估具有重要意义。为说明这一点，我们计算了现行太阳能光伏补贴方案的公共资金边际价值（MVPF）。在此情境下，纳入同伴效应的考虑会使福利提高约17%。
Abstract
This paper examines causal peer effects in pro-environmental behavior using geocoded panel data on 260,000 Swiss households from 2008 to 2019 and instrumental variables methods. We find that peer behavior has a simultaneous impact on a broad range of energy-related practices. In particular, we find that peer solar photovoltaic (PV) adoption increases household electricity conservation efforts, with each additional solar PV installation at 100 meters distance to a household reducing a household's annual electricity consumption by 0.2%. We also document peer effects both within and across markets for pro-environmental durable goods, with increased uptake of solar PV and electric vehicles following new solar PV installations nearby. We find suggestive evidence that peer influence manifests itself in different ways contingent upon households' constraints. Our findings have important implications for renewable energy subsidy evaluation. To illustrate this we calculate the marginal value of public funds (MVPF) of the existing solar PV subsidy scheme. In this setting, accounting for peer effects increases welfare by approximately 17%.