Journal of Economic Perspectives · 2026 · Stéphane Bonhomme、Thibaut Lamadon、Elena Manresa
中文摘要
Abowd、Kramarz 和 Margolis (1999) 提出的 AKM 模型, 已成为利用匹配的雇主-雇员数据研究劳动者与企业异质性、理解劳动力市场工资离散来源的主力工具。本文介绍该模型及其估计量, 讨论估计中的若干最佳实践, 并回顾关于劳动者与企业异质性在工资离散中所起作用的一些实证发现。尽管 AKM 方法已被证明有助于分析劳动经济学内外多种情境中的一系列问题, 我们同时也指出方法论仍有待进一步发展。
Abstract
The AKM model introduced by Abowd, Kramarz, and Margolis (1999) has become a workhorse to study worker and firm heterogeneity, and to understand the sources of wage dispersion in the labor market using linked employer-employee data. In this article, we introduce the model and estimator, discuss some best practices for estimation, and review some empirical findings on the role of worker and firm heterogeneity in wage dispersion. While the AKM methodology has proven useful to analyze a host of questions in a variety of settings within labor economics and beyond, we also point to the need for methodological developments.