中文摘要
我们研究社会组织如何塑造经济互动模式及国家政策的效应，重点关注撒哈拉以南非洲基于年龄的群体与基于亲属的群体之间的差异。受民族志研究中该差异会影响再分配这一论述的启发，我们分析了肯尼亚的一项现金转移支付项目，发现基于年龄的社会中，消费溢出效应存在于同龄群体内部，但不存在于扩展家庭内部；而在基于亲属的社会中，我们发现情况恰恰相反。随后，我们通过表明乌干达的养老金项目仅在基于亲属的社会中对儿童营养产生正向效应，证明社会结构会塑造政策的影响。(JEL H23, I12, I38, J13, O15, Z13)
Abstract
We study how social organization shapes patterns of economic interaction and the effects of national policy, focusing on the distinction between age-based and kin-based groups in sub-Saharan Africa. Motivated by ethnographic accounts suggesting that this distinction affects redistribution, we analyze a cash transfer program in Kenya and find that in age-based societies there are consumption spillovers within the age cohort, but not the extended family, while in kin-based societies we find the opposite. Next, we document that social structure shapes the impact of policy by showing that Uganda’s pension program had positive effects on child nutrition only in kin-based societies. (JEL H23, I12, I38, J13, O15, Z13)