空间均衡中的城市公共工程：来自埃塞俄比亚的实验证据

中文摘要

本文评估了埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴一项在各社区随机分批推行的大型城市公共工程计划。我们发现，该计划增加了受益者的公共部门就业，减少了其私人部门劳动供给，并改善了处理地区的本地公共设施。随后，我们结合空间均衡模型和独特的通勤数据，估计该计划对各社区私人部门工资的溢出效应：在计划全面推行的情况下，工资提高了18.6%。利用该模型，我们表明，在纳入对私人部门工资和本地公共设施的间接影响后，贫困群体获得的福利增益扩大至原来的六倍。（JEL H76、I38、J22、J31、O15、O18、R23）

Abstract

This paper evaluates a large urban public works program randomly rolled out across neighborhoods of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. We find the program increased public employment and reduced private labor supply among beneficiaries and improved local amenities in treated locations. We then combine a spatial equilibrium model and unique commuting data to estimate the spillover effects of the program on private sector wages across neighborhoods: under full program rollout, wages increased by 18.6 percent. Using our model, we show that welfare gains to the poor are six times larger when we include the indirect effects on private wages and local amenities. (JEL H76, I38, J22, J31, O15, O18, R23)