普及学前教育的短期和长期影响：来自以色列阿拉伯人口的证据
Short- and Long-Term Effects of Universal Preschool: Evidence from the Arab Population in Israel
American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2024 · [{"name": "Elad Demalach", "affiliation": ["Tel Aviv University"]}, {"name": "Analía Schlosser", "affiliation": ["Tel Aviv University"]}]
中文摘要
我们利用以色列自 1999 年 9 月起为 3 岁和 4 岁儿童实施免费公立学前教育这一准实验设计，估计普及性学前教育的因果影响。我们聚焦阿拉伯人口，他们是该法律第一阶段实施的主要受益者。采用双重差分（DID）研究设计，我们发现，普及性学前教育提升了个体从小学到高中的学业表现，改善了学习环境，并提高了高等教育入学率。其他收益还包括降低了男性青少年犯罪率、减少了女性早婚。（JEL I21, I24, I28, J15, J16）
Abstract
We estimate the causal impacts of universal preschool by leveraging a quasi-experimental design based on Israel’s implementation of free public preschool for children ages 3 and 4 beginning in September 1999. We focus on the Arab population, who were the main beneficiaries of the first phase of the law’s implementation. Using a difference-in-differences (DID) research design, we find that universal preschool enhanced individuals’ academic performance from elementary school through high school, improved the learning environment, and increased postsecondary enrollment. Additional benefits include reduced juvenile delinquency among males and decreased early marriage among females. (JEL I21, I24, I28, J15, J16)