Journal of Public Economics · 2025 · Yuval Ofek-Shanny、Avner Strulov-Shlain、Dan Zeltzer
中文摘要
我们研究补贴居家长期照护对受助者健康及其工作年龄子女劳动供给的影响。我们使用以色列的行政数据，涵盖全部福利申请，并与申请人及其成年子女的税务记录相匹配。为处理福利受助者健康状况的内生性问题，我们以随机分配的评估员的宽松程度作为福利领取的工具变量；这些评估员负责评估申请人的身体功能状况并确定其福利资格。我们发现，对于依从者——即只有遇到较宽松的评估员才会获得补贴的申请人——补贴居家照护对受助者健康产生了较大的不利影响（一年死亡率增加5.2个百分点，95%置信区间：1.5至8.9个百分点），但对其子女的劳动力市场结果未发现可检测到的影响（子女劳动力市场参与率：−0.5个百分点，95%置信区间：−5.2至+4.2个百分点；子女收入：−5.5个对数点，95%置信区间：−46至+35个对数点）。这些结果与边际受助者的自我照护受到挤出相一致，凸显了评估居家照护补贴异质性效应的必要性。
Abstract
We study the impact of subsidizing home-based long-term care on recipients’ health and the labor supply of their working-age children. We use administrative data from Israel on the universe of welfare benefit applications linked with tax records of applicants and their adult children. To address the endogeneity of benefit recipients’ health status, we instrument for benefit receipt using the leniency of randomly assigned evaluators who assess the applicant’s functional status and determine benefit eligibility. We find that for compliers—applicants who receive subsidies only from more lenient evaluators—subsidizing home-based care has large adverse effects on recipient health ( + 5.2 p.p. one-year mortality, 95 % CI: 1.5 to 8.9 p.p.) but no detectable effects on their children’s labor market outcomes (child labor market participation: − 0.5 p.p., 95 % CI: − 5.2 to + 4.2 p.p.; child income: − 5.5 log points, 95 % CI: − 46 to + 35 log points). The results are consistent with the crowd-out of self-care for the marginal recipient, highlighting the need to assess the heterogeneous effects of home-care subsidies.