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群体规模对捐赠与再分配需求的影响

The impact of group size on giving versus demand for redistribution
Journal of Public Economics · 2024 · Johanna Möllerström、Avner Strulov-Shlain、Dmitry Taubinsky

中文摘要

我们报告了一项在线实验的结果,该实验研究了小群体(4人)和大群体(200人)中个人的捐赠偏好与群体范围内再分配的偏好。我们发现,自愿捐赠的意愿随(感知到的)群体规模扩大而显著下降。然而,对群体范围内再分配的投票意愿,估计结果精确地显示其不依赖于群体规模。此外,人们对何者构成相关群体的认知具有可塑性,并会影响其捐赠意愿。这些结果表明,政府项目(如累进税收与转移支付体系)能够以创造自愿捐赠机会所无法实现的方式,满足人们对再分配的利他偏好。

Abstract

We report the results of an online experiment studying preferences for giving and preferences for group-wide redistribution in small (4-person) and large (200-person) groups. We find that the desire to engage in voluntary giving decreases significantly with (perceived) group size. However, voting for group-wide redistribution is precisely estimated to not depend on group size. Moreover, people’s perceptions of what constitutes the relevant group are malleable, and affect their desire to give. These results suggest that government programs, such as progressive tax-and-transfer systems, can help satisfy other-regarding preferences for redistribution in a way that creating opportunities for voluntary giving cannot.
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