健康冲击、健康保险、人力资本与收入及健康的动态

中文摘要

我们构建了一个包含健康冲击、健康保险和医疗治疗决策的劳动供给与人力资本形成生命周期模型。我们利用该模型研究健康冲击对健康、劳动供给、收入和收入不平等的影响。我们还模拟了向缺乏雇主提供保险的个体提供公共保险的情形。虽然这会大幅增加医疗支出，但它为低技能工人创造了积极的劳动供给激励，同时降低了社会保险、医疗补助计划和免费医疗的成本。该项目的净成本适中，且在预算平衡的模拟中，所有模型主体的事前福利均得到改善。

Abstract

We develop a life-cycle model of labor supply and human capital formation that incorporates health shocks, health insurance, and medical treatment decisions. We use the model to study effects of health shocks on health, labor supply, earnings, and earnings inequality. We also simulate provision of public insurance to agents who lack employer-sponsored insurance. While this increases medical spending substantially, it creates positive labor supply incentives for low-skill workers while reducing costs of social insurance, Medicaid, and free care. The net program cost is modest, and all model agents are ex ante better off in a balanced budget simulation.