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硅谷的雇主市场势力

Employer Market Power in Silicon Valley
The Economic Journal · 2025 · Matthew Gibson

中文摘要

亚当·斯密曾指出,雇主常常暗中联合以压低劳动收入。本文考察了此类行为的一个重要案例:信息技术公司通过禁止挖角协议,同意不相互争夺对方的员工。本文利用美国司法部启动调查这一时间点具有的看似外生的性质,采用双重差分设计估计了这些协议的影响。来自Glassdoor的数据使本文得以纳入丰富的雇主层面和岗位层面控制变量。平均而言,禁止挖角协议使合谋企业的薪资降低了5.6%,这与雇主具有相当大的市场势力相符。股票奖金和工作满意度也受到了负面影响。

Abstract

Abstract Adam Smith alleged that employers often secretly combine to reduce labour earnings. This paper examines an important case of such behaviour: no-poaching agreements through which information-technology companies agreed not to compete for each other’s workers. Exploiting the plausibly exogenous timing of a US Department of Justice investigation, I estimate the effects of these agreements using a difference-in-differences design. Data from Glassdoor permit the inclusion of rich employer- and job-level controls. On average, the no-poaching agreements reduced salaries at colluding firms by 5.6%, consistent with considerable employer market power. Stock bonuses and job satisfaction were also negatively affected.
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