法庭上的女性: 技术与正义
Women in the Courtroom: Technology and Justice
Review of Economic Studies · 2025 · [{"name": "Heng Chen", "affiliation": ["University of the Humanities", "University of Hong Kong"]}, {"name": "Yuyu Chen", "affiliation": ["Peking University"]}, {"name": "Qingxu Yang", "affiliation": ["University of the Humanities", "University of Hong Kong"]}]
中文摘要
摘要 我们的研究分析了2014年至2018年间中国的600万份民事判决，记录了不利于女性诉讼当事人的性别差距。我们考察了一项司法公开改革的影响，该改革要求法院在一个集中式在线平台上对诉讼程序进行同步直播。通过利用该改革在不同法院、不同时间实施上的差异，并同时采用双重差分和Bartik工具变量两种方法，我们发现，随着直播强度的提高，胜诉机会中的性别差距随之缩小。对司法裁判文书文本内容的分析进一步提供了证据，表明这些司法结果的变化源于司法透明度增强下法官行为（即注意力与努力）的改变。我们的研究结果展示了信息技术如何塑造法官行为，并凸显了其在改善公共机构问责方面更为广泛的潜力。
Abstract
Abstract Our study analyses 6 million civil judgments in China from 2014 to 2018, documenting gender disparities that disfavour female litigants. We investigate the impact of an open justice reform that mandated courts to broadcast legal proceedings live on a centralized online platform. By exploiting variations in its implementation across courts and over time and employing both difference-in-differences and Bartik IV approaches, we find that gender disparities in chances of winning decrease as broadcast intensity increases. Analysis of the textual content of judicial decisions provides further evidence that these changes in judicial outcomes stem from altered judge behaviours (i.e. attention and effort) under enhanced judicial transparency. Our results demonstrate how information technology shapes judges’ conduct, underscoring its broader potential to improve accountability in public institutions.