中文摘要
我们对收入或财富维度的向上流动性进行概念界定和衡量。我们分析的核心是增长累进性公理：将瞬时增长率从相对富裕的个人转移给贫困个人，会提高向上流动性。该公理与若干温和的辅助限制共同识别出一个仅含单一自由参数的“向上流动性核”，其中流动性是个人增长率的线性函数，而基期收入的权重呈几何递减。我们将这一核扩展至区间内的轨迹分析。该分析得到一个不依赖面板数据的向上流动性指数，这显著拓展了我们对数据匮乏情境的分析范围。（JEL D31, D63, I32, O15, O40）
Abstract
We conceptualize and measure upward mobility over income or wealth. At the core of our exercise is the Growth Progressivity Axiom: transfers of instantaneous growth rates from relatively rich to poor individuals increases upward mobility. This axiom, along with mild auxiliary restrictions, identifies an “upward mobility kernel” with a single free parameter, in which mobility is linear in individual growth rates, with geometrically declining weights on baseline incomes. We extend this kernel to trajectories over intervals. The analysis delivers an upward mobility index that does not rely on panel data. That significantly expands our analytical scope to data-poor settings. (JEL D31, D63, I32, O15, O40)