墨西哥裔美国人学校取消隔离的长期影响

中文摘要

我们首次定量分析了终止美国墨西哥裔学童法定隔离的影响，考察1947年“门德斯诉威斯敏斯特案”法院判决对加利福尼亚州西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人长期受教育程度的影响。我们的识别策略是比较加利福尼亚州内实行隔离可能性不同的各县居民，并比较因入学年龄不同而对门德斯案法院裁决暴露程度不同的出生队列。结果表明，完全受到学校取消隔离影响的西班牙裔受教育程度显著提高。（JEL H75、I24、J13、J15、K10、N32、R23）

Abstract

We present the first quantitative analysis of the impact of ending de jure segregation of Mexican American schoolchildren in the United States by examining the effects of the 1947 Mendez v. Westminster court decision on long-run educational attainment for Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites in California. Our identification strategy relies on comparing individuals across California counties that vary in their likelihood of segregating and across birth cohorts that vary in their exposure to the Mendez court ruling based on school start age. Results point to a significant increase in educational attainment for Hispanics who were fully exposed to school desegregation. (JEL H75, I24, J13, J15, K10, N32, R23)